What It Takes to Become an Accredited Investor
For the average investor, 金融领域有时会让人感觉像一个复杂的迷宫，获得某些投资机会的途径有限. 然而，在这个领域内，存在着一个被称为合格投资者的独特类别. 如果你曾经想知道是什么让合格投资者与众不同，这篇文章提供了一个概述.
由于高收入水平的要求，大多数投资者没有资格获得合格投资者身份. However, if you can qualify as an accredited investor, you can access additional investment opportunities, which may have more complicated risk/reward characteristics. Join us as we demystify the world of accredited investors, unraveling the meaning, requirements, and potential benefits associated with this designation. 无论你是投资新手还是想扩大你的金融视野, we'll shed light on what it means to be an accredited investor.
What Is an Accredited Investor?
While businesses and banks can qualify for accredited investments, for the purposes of this article, 我们将讨论作为个人的合格投资者意味着什么.
Despite the formal-sounding title, 没有监管委员会会证明你是合格投资者. Regulatory organizations, like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 依靠那些提供无担保投资的尽职调查程序来做跑腿工作，并确认他们的投资者有资格获得认证.
For an individual investor to be considered accredited, they must meet the following financial criteria:
- Net worth over $1 million, 不包括其主要居住地(单独或与配偶或伴侣).
- Income over $200,000 (individually) or $300,(与配偶或伴侣一起)在前两年每年获得$ 1,000美元的收入，并合理地期望本年度也能获得相同的收入.1
想要确定某人是否是合格投资者的投资工具会要求提供证据. This may come in the form of any available W-2s, other statements of income, credit reports, tax returns, bank accounts and other asset statements, or regulatory credentials (such as a Series 7).2
Pros of Being an Accredited Investor
符合认可投资者的财务要求，便可获得各种投资机会. 作为一个合格的投资者，你可以在某些投资的基础上获得一席之地, but such opportunities also create additional risks.2
Types of investments available to accredited investors include:
- Private Equity: 私募股权寻求参与私营公司的成长. 私人股本也是一种非流动性资产类别，寻求远离公开市场的长期升值.3
- Private Placements: 私募是向合格投资者和机构出售股权或债务头寸. 这种类型的投资通常作为其他可能采取的筹资方法的替代方案.4
- Hedge Funds: 对冲基金是一种具有广泛灵活性的投资，可以采用各种策略来实现其既定的投资目标.5
- Venture Capital: 风险投资是投资者向寻求资本的公司提供的一种私人股本融资形式. 这种形式的融资主要是针对有增长前景的小公司或那些似乎正在寻求迅速扩张的公司.6
- Equity Crowdfunding: 股权众筹是一种向大量私人投资者募集小额资金的商业融资模式. However, equity crowdfunding is regulated by the SEC, 因此，以这种方式招揽投资的企业必须遵循严格的指导方针.7,8
Downsides of Being an Accredited Investor
作为合格投资者考虑投资时有几个缺点.
- High Risk: For example, start-up businesses have high failure rates. While they may appear to offer tremendous potential, you may not recoup your initial investment if you participate.2
- High Minimum Investment Amounts: 提供给合格投资者的投资工具往往有很高的投资要求. Minimum investments can range as high as several million dollars.2
- Fees: 尤其是对冲基金，可能会有相关费用，比如业绩和管理费. 绩效费是根据投资回报率支付的，最高可达15%至20%. This is on top of management fees.9
- Illiquidity Of The Investments: 如果需要的话，许多经过认证的投资工具不容易实现流动性. Not only do you risk not recouping your investment, but once you commit to investing, you may not be able to easily access your money.2
Ultimately, 认可投资适用于具有投资经验的个人，他们了解各种相关机会的风险/回报概况.
1. SEC.gov, April 6, 2023
2. Investopedia.com, December 30, 2022
3. Investopedia.com, March 31, 2023
4. Investopedia.com, March 29, 2022
5. Investopedia.com, August 11, 2022
6. Investopedia.com, April 22, 2023
7. Investopedia.com, April 22, 2023
8. Forbes.com, March 31, 2022
9. Investopedia.com, September 29, 2022
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