How Will Working Affect Social Security Benefits?
In a recent survey, 73% of current workers stated they plan to work for pay after retiring.1
And that possibility raises an interesting question: how will working affect Social Security benefits?
The answer to that question requires an understanding of three key concepts: full retirement age, 收入测试, 以及应税收益.
法定退休年龄
Most workers don't face an "official" retirement date, according to the Social Security Administration. The Social Security program allows workers to start receiving benefits as soon as they reach age 62 – or to put off receiving benefits up until age 70.2
"Full retirement age" is the age at which individuals become eligible to receive 100% of their Social Security benefits. Individuals born in 1960 or later can receive 100% of their benefits at age 67.
收益测试
Starting Social Security benefits before reaching full retirement age brings into play 收入测试.
If a working individual starts receiving Social Security payments before full retirement age, the Social Security Administration will deduct $1 in benefits for each $2 that person earns above an annual limit. 2024年，收入上限为22,320美元.3
During the year in which a worker reaches full retirement age, Social Security benefit reduction falls to $1 in benefits for every $3 in earnings. For 2024, the limit is $59,520 before the month the worker reaches full retirement age.3
例如, let's assume a worker begins receiving Social Security benefits during the year he or she reaches full retirement age. In that year, before the month the worker reaches full retirement age, the worker earns $65,000. The Social Security benefit would be reduced as follows:
| 收入超过年度限额 | $65,000 – $59,520 = $5,480 |
多余的三分之一 | $5,480 ÷ 3 = $1,826.67 |
In this case, the worker's annual Social Security benefit would have been reduced by $1,826.因为他们还在继续工作.
应纳税的收益
一旦你到了法定退休年龄, Social Security benefits will not be reduced no matter how much you earn. However, Social Security benefits are taxable.
例如, say you file a joint return, and you and your spouse are past the full retirement age. In the joint return, you report a combined income of between $32,000 and $44,000. You may have to pay income tax on as much as 50% of your benefits. If your combined income is more than $44,000, as much as 85% of your benefits may be subject to income taxes.4
There are many factors to consider when evaluating Social Security benefits. Understanding how working may affect total benefits can help you put together a strategy that allows you to make the most of all your retirement income sources – including Social Security.
1. EBRI.org, 2023
2. SSA.政府,2023
3. SSA.政府,2023
4. SSA.政府,2023
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